The reporter learned today that the State Administration for Market Regulation recently took the lead in the international approval of the new national measurement benchmark for microwave brightness temperature. This measurement benchmark is conducive to solving the long-term inability to trace the source and calibration of microwave brightness temperature parameters in the fields of radio astronomy, planetary exploration and other fields.

Any object in the universe whose temperature is higher than absolute zero will release microwave energy. The microwave bright temperature is a quantitative characterization of the microwave radiation intensity of an object. The accuracy of microwave brightness temperature determines the accuracy of inversion of multiple physical and chemical parameters in the atmosphere, ocean, land, cosmic background and other scenarios:

●In the meteorological field, weather is predicted by monitoring atmospheric-related microwave brightness temperatures;

●In agriculture, the soil microwave brightness temperature is used to grasp humidity to guide irrigation;

●In the aerospace field, satellites estimate surface components and geological activities by detecting the planet's microwave brightness temperature;

●When disaster prevention and mitigation, observe the microwave brightness temperature of the target object, and detect hidden dangers such as landslides and collapses.

This metering reference runs in a vacuum environment of minus 180°C until room temperature, and is equipped with ultra-wideband, high-emissivity radiators with precise temperature control, which can generate weak radiation signals in the order of 10 ^-12watts, equivalent to one-third of the radiation intensity of the human body. This weak signal is accurately captured by the radiometer, with an error of only three thousandths. Just like accurately capturing faint starlight a few light years away from the noisy cosmic background noise, it can accurately reproduce the microwave energy radiated by natural objects in land, atmosphere, ocean and other environments, and the measurement accuracy reaches the international leading level.

(CCTV reporter Li Jingjing)